International protection is a procedure for persons who cannot return to their country of origin because they risk persecution, serious violence or inhuman treatment. In Belgium, this protection can take two forms: refugee status and subsidiary protection.
A person who wishes to apply for international protection must submit an asylum application to the Belgian authorities. This application may be lodged at the border or on Belgian territory with the Aliens Office.
After the application has been submitted, the person is registered and receives a document attesting to their procedure. The file is then examined by the competent authorities, who analyse the applicant’s personal situation and any risks in his country of origin.
The decision is made after a thorough examination of the facts and, in most cases, after an individual interview. If the authorities recognise that a person is at risk of persecution on account of his or her religion, nationality, political opinions or membership of a particular social group, he or she may be granted refugee status.
If the conditions for refugee status are not met but the person nevertheless risks suffering serious harm in his or her country, subsidiary protection may be granted.
Persons recognised as refugees or benefiting from subsidiary protection may obtain a residence permit in Belgium and benefit from certain rights.
Frequently asked questions
1️⃣ What is international protection?
International protection is a procedure allowing a person threatened in their country of origin to obtain protection in another country.
2️⃣ What is the difference between refugee and subsidiary protection?
Refugee status is granted to persons persecuted for certain specific reasons, while subsidiary protection concerns persons exposed to serious risks but who do not meet the conditions for refugee status.
3️⃣ Where can an application for international protection be made?
The application may be submitted at the border or on Belgian territory to the competent authorities.
4️⃣ Can the person stay in Belgium during the procedure?
Yes. The applicant may stay in Belgium during the examination of his application.
5️⃣ Can we work during the asylum procedure?
Under certain conditions, applicants may obtain a right to work after a certain period of time.
6️⃣ What happens if the application is accepted?
The person can obtain a protection status and a residence permit allowing him to live legally in Belgium.