Working in Belgium as a foreign national depends mainly on the nationality of the person and the duration of the work envisaged. The rules applicable are not the same for EU citizens and third-country nationals.
EU citizens benefit from the principle of free movement of workers. This means that they can work in Belgium without having to obtain a work permit. However, when they wish to stay in the territory for more than three months, they must generally register with the commune of their place of residence in order to obtain a residence permit.
For third-country nationals, access to the Belgian labour market generally requires prior authorization. In the majority of cases, this authorization takes the form of a single permit in Belgium, which combines both work authorization and residence authorization for a period exceeding 90 days. The application is submitted by the employer to the competent regional authorities.
In certain short-term work situations, a work permit in Belgium may be issued for activities limited in time. The conditions and duration of this authorization depend on the nature of the activity and the applicable regulations.
There are also particular situations, such as that of posted workers in Belgium. In this case, a worker is sent temporarily by a company established in another country to carry out an assignment with a company located in Belgium. Specific rules govern this situation, particularly with regard to reporting and working conditions.
Understanding these different possibilities makes it possible to identify the most suitable procedure for working legally in Belgium.
Frequently asked question
1️⃣ Can a foreigner work freely in Belgium?
EU citizens can work freely in Belgium. Third-country nationals generally require a work permit.
2️⃣ What is the single permit in Belgium?
The single permit is an authorisation that allows a third-country national to work and stay in Belgium for a period of more than 90 days.
3️⃣ What is a work permit in Belgium?
The work permit is an authorization allowing to exercise a professional activity for a limited period, generally of short duration.
4️⃣ What is a posted worker?
A posted worker is a person sent temporarily by a foreign company to carry out a professional mission in Belgium.
5️⃣ Can one work in Belgium with a tourist visa?
No. A short-term visa generally does not allow for professional activity.
6️⃣ Who submits the application for a single permit?
In most cases, the application is submitted by the employer to the competent regional authorities.